利用概率加权回归和主成分分析评估低盐诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体幼虫的效果     

李阳春  王昭萍  刘剑  马培振 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,50(4):21-28

为提供一种更科学、全面的三倍体诱导盐度综合评价方法,本研究采用了两种新的统计学方法对低盐诱导太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)幼虫三倍体的效果进行了评估。利用概率加权回归拟合构建了低盐诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体过程中卵裂率、孵化率与盐度的Probit回归模型,得到了不同诱导盐度条件下卵裂率及孵化率的估计值,其中50%卵裂率及50%孵化率的诱导盐度估计值分别为5.648和8.644,对该模型的可信性进行了验证。应用主成分分析法得到了两个可以代表卵裂率、孵化率和三倍体率的主成分和不同诱导盐度的综合评价指数,其中盐度8得分最高,为0.67,其次为盐度10,得分为0.54。研究结果表明,要达到50%孵化率,诱导盐度需大于8.644;盐度8和10均为合适的诱导盐度,其中盐度8诱导率更高、存活率较低,盐度10存活率更高、诱导率稍低。  相似文献   

Garnet fractionation,progressive melt loss and bulk composition variations in anatectic metabasites:Complications for interpreting the geodynamic significance of TTGs     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(3):745-763

Tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG) suites constitute a large proportion of the Archean geological record;however,the geodynamic processes that generated them,and Archean continental crust in general,remain a subject of debate.The concentrations and ratios of Sr,Y,La,Yb,Nb,and Ta in TTGs are commonly used to determine the depth of melting of their metabasic sources.The trace element composition of melt produced by metabasic source rocks during anatexis is strongly affected by the presence and abundance of pressure-sensitive minerals,such as plagioclase(Sr-bearing),garnet(Y-and HREE-bearing),and rutile(Nb-and Ta-bearing).Elevated Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios and low concentrations of Nb and Ta in TTGs are generally considered to indicate melting at high pressures(≥2.0 GPa).The depth of melting is a key factor in determining the origin of TTGs as this provides critical information on the tectonic setting of their generation.We use phase equilibrium and trace element modelling to explore the effects of three potential influences on TTG trace element compositions:fractionation of trace elements into peritectic garnet cores,progressive melt loss from the source,and source bulk composition.We model three different compositions of Archean basalts along thermal gradients of 500℃/GPa,750℃/GPa,and 1000℃/GPa.The models produce maj or and trace element melt compositions that are generally consistent with measured compositions of TTGs.Although Sr/Y,La/Yb,Nb,and Ta exhibit pressure-dependent behaviour,other factors also affect these values.Garnet fractionation causes Sr/Y and La/Yb to reach much greater values and in this scenario,the values also increase with increasing temperature.Source bulk composition has an effect in all scenarios and most strongly influences La/Yb,Nb,and Ta.Overall,these results show that Sr/Y,La/Yb,Nb,and Ta can reach values generally considered to be indicative of high pressure melting at a range of P-T conditions including P 2.0 GPa.Consequently,trace element compositions of TTGs alone may provide a misleading impression of the depth of melting of metabasites and the geodynamic environment of Archean crustal growth and reworking.  相似文献   

基于IGGⅢ的地理加权回归模型研究     

于志英  张福浩  仇阿根  赵阳阳 《测绘通报》2019,(7):23-27

针对离群值存在时地理加权回归模型拟合效果较差的问题，本文提出了基于IGGⅢ的地理加权回归方法。核心是采用IGGⅢ方案中的权函数计算权重矩阵，将权因子用于地理加权回归参数估计模型。利用模拟数据和真实数据与GWR、ACV-GWR进行对比试验，以MSE、MAE和R²作为指标对结果进行评价。模拟试验结果显示，IGGⅢ-GWR比GWR性能分别提升了51.14%、23.77%、28.4%，比ACV-GWR分别提升了49.96%、22.57%、27.1%；真实试验结果显示，IGGⅢ-GWR比GWR性能分别提升了12.65%、7.44%、0.37%，比ACV-GWR分别提升了11.85%、6.96%、0.34%。试验结果表明，基于IGGⅢ的地理加权回归可提高模型的抗差能力，拟合效果更好。  相似文献   

Isothermal Evaporating Phase Equilibria in the Quaternary System (LiCl+NaCl+Li₂SO₄₊Na₂SO₄₊H₂O)at 348.15 K and 0.1 MPa:An Experimental and Theoretical Study          下载免费PDF全文

GUO Ya-fei  YUAN Fei  LI Long  WANG Shi-qiang  DENG Tian-long 《盐湖研究》2019,27(2):69-77

The gradient solar pond technique is an economic separating process employed in the inorganic chemical industrial production of salt lake chemical engineering processes. In this paper,a novel isothermal evaporation experimental method was employed to simulate the evaporation phase equilibrium for the reciprocal quaternary system( LiCl + NaCl + Li_2 SO_4+ Na_2 SO_4+ H_2 O) at 348. 15 K to serve as a useful guide for lithium salt production via the depth solar ponds. The isothermal evaporation equilibrium solubilities and physicochemical properties,including the densities and pH values,were experimentally investigated. The dry-salt phase diagram,water-phase diagram,and the diagram of the physicochemical properties versus composition were plotted with respect to the experimental data. The drysalt phase diagram consists of three invariant points,seven univariant solubility curves,and five crystallization regions,specifically halite( NaCl,Ha),thenardite( Na_2 SO_4,Th),double salt( Li_2 SO_4·Na_2 SO_4,Db_2),lithium sulfate monohydrate( Li_2 SO_4·H_2 O,Ls),and lithium chloride monohydrate( LiCl·H_2 O,Lc). Based on Pitzer and its extended HMW model,the Pitzer single salt parameters,mixing ion interaction parameters,and thermodynamic stable equilibrium constants for the quaternary system at 348. 15 K were obtained. The calculated phase diagram and experimental isothermal phase diagram at 348. 15 K exhibited a great difference. Based on these results,the isothermal evaporation phase diagram can truly reflect the salt sedimentary in salt lakes and can be applied as a useful guide for the solar pond process.  相似文献   

混沌理论支持下的桥梁变形监测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许章平  栾元重  刘中华  崔腾飞  相涛 《测绘通报》2019,(6):41-46

针对桥墩的非线性下沉问题，引入了混沌理论。采用改进的C-C算法计算时间序列的时间延迟τ，采用改进的G-P算法计算最佳嵌入维数m，进行相空间重构，并与传统算法对比抗干扰性，计算效率等得到了改善，运用Lvyapunov指数判别该时间序列的混沌特性；最后根据所求参数建立加权一阶局域预计模型和RBF神经网络混沌预计模型，分别对观测数据进行预计分析，将混沌时间预测结果与指数平滑法预测结果进行对比分析。得出混沌时间预测精度高于指数平滑法预测精度，RBF神经网络混沌预计模型的预计精度最高，证明混沌时间序列预计精度可靠，能够实时对桥身变形进行监测，避免灾害的发生。  相似文献   

基于随机加权先验的P-Ⅲ分布参数贝叶斯估计          下载免费PDF全文

殷建  宋松柏 《水文》2015,35(3):1-7

研究随机加权先验法进行P-Ⅲ分布参数贝叶斯估计。应用随机加权法确定分布参数的先验分布,MCMC自适应采样算法(AM)进行参数的后验分布采样,并与矩法、极大似然法和概率权重矩法等传统水文频率分析方法进行比较。实例表明,AM方法估算参数下,实测样本与对应频率设计值离差平方和最小,是一种可行的水文频率分析途径。  相似文献   

非均质裂隙介质中重非水相流体运移          下载免费PDF全文

邓亚平  张烨  施小清  吴吉春 《水科学进展》2015,26(5):722-730

由于裂隙介质具有强烈非均质性,使得重非水相流体(DNAPLs)在裂隙介质中的运移行为较孔隙介质更为复杂.基于指示模拟算法模拟裂隙介质的二元变量(粗糙面接触和裂隙开口),综合模拟退火算法构建裂隙渗透率随机场.采用T2VOC模拟DNAPLs在裂隙介质的运移,探讨粗糙面接触的相关长度、各向异性比、倾角以及非均质性程度对DNAPLs运移分布的影响.数值分析结果表明,粗糙面接触的相关性越差,DNAPLs污染范围越大;粗糙面接触的各向异性比和倾角增大,将导致更多DNAPLs残留;而相关长度和各向异性比增大以及倾角减小,都会引起DNAPLs锋面运移速率增大;随着渗透率非均质性增强,会导致局部粗糙面接触上蓄积的DNAPLs饱和度增大,运移速率减小.  相似文献   

地基GPS水汽反演中区域大气加权平均温度模型     

李剑锋  王永前  胡伍生 《测绘科学技术学报》2015,(1):13-17

利用地基GPS反演可降水量,需要准确求得水汽转换参数。为了提高区域GPS大气水汽反演的精度,分析了大气加权平均温度的时空特性及其与地面温度之间的函数关系;利用江苏地区2003—2011年的气象探空数据建立了适用于江苏地区的局地大气加权平均温度计算模型。比较江苏模型、Bevis模型和李建国模型求得的大气加权平均温度值,江苏模型的精度较Bevis模型和李建国模型分别提高33.14%和9.28%。由江苏模型得到的可降水量内符合精度约为11.12 mm,较GAMIT软件结果精度提高约7.91%。  相似文献   

Intrinsic versus extrinsic seismic anisotropy: Surface wave phase velocity inversion     

《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2015,347(2):66-76

The precise determination and interpretation of anisotropy are relatively difficult because the apparent anisotropy is usually a mixture of intrinsic and extrinsic anisotropy, which might partly hide the true properties of the medium investigated. The artificial anisotropy can be due to the fact that seismic waves do not ‘see’ the real details of a medium, but a ‘filtered’ (or ‘upscaled’) version of the Earth model. This can be due to a bad quality of the data coverage, to limited frequency band effects, or to errors in the approximate theory. With the limitation to layered Earth models, through comparisons of the results of the homogenization method with those of the periodic isotropic two-layered model as an analytical solution, we illustrate that the Backus theory for the long wavelength equivalent effect can be extended to calculate the extrinsic anisotropy, due to upscaling effects at discontinuities for the general isotropic layered model, when its spatial scale is much less than or equal to the seismic wavelength. We find that the extrinsic radial S-wave anisotropy produced by the vertical heterogeneities in the upper mantle of the Earth can be as large as 3% (about 30% extrinsic anisotropy of the 10% radial anisotropy). To better recover information from seismic data, we propose a surface wave phase velocity inversion method based on the first-order perturbation theory. We show that resolution at discontinuities can be improved by adding overtone modes of surface wave data. For more general layered models, the homogenization method could be considered, which can flexibly adapt the scale of the model to seismic wavelengths. However, the periodic isotropic two-layered model can also help to analytically quantify the amount of extrinsic radial, and possibly azimuthal anisotropy produced by the tilted fine layering.  相似文献   

中国国内航空网络的可靠性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈娱  王姣娥  金凤君 《地理与地理信息科学》2015,31(3):59-64,0,2

天气或者人为破坏等因素会导致机场的航班延误,从而影响整个航空网络的运输效率。该文定量分析了机场失效对航空网络的影响,分别从随机故障和4种不同蓄意攻击的情况下评价了2012年国内航空网络的抗攻击能力(称为网络的可靠性),研究结果发现:在随机故障下我国航空网络的可靠性较好,失效机场数目达到80%以上时网络瘫痪;在基于加权度中心性、加权中介中心性、加权邻近中心性和吞吐量4种蓄意攻击模式下,失效机场达到约为20%时网络瘫痪,其中,基于机场加权中介中心性的蓄意攻击能够最迅速地导致网络崩溃。认为由这1/5的机场组成的子网络可以界定为航空网络的主干网络,加大主干网络的建设对优化航空网络运输效率具有重要意义;最后,从网络可靠性角度分析了主干网络中34个机场对全国网络的重要性,探讨了区域性枢纽的竞争地位。  相似文献